Description

Staghorn Ferns (Platycerium spp.) are dramatic epiphytes known for two distinct frond types: round, shield-like sterile fronds that form a protective “base,” and long, branching fertile fronds that resemble deer antlers. In nature they grow mounted to trees, absorbing moisture and nutrients from rainfall and debris. As houseplants, they thrive when mounted on a board or grown in a loose, airy medium. Expect a striking, architectural specimen that brings a tropical, botanical feel to bright, indirect light spaces.

Suggested Uses

Plant Details

• Botanical NameFern- Staghorn (commonly grown species: Platycerium bifurcatum)
• Common NameFern- Staghorn; Elkhorn Fern
• Size & Growth Typically 2–3 ft (60–90 cm) fronds indoors; up to 4–6 ft (1.2–1.8 m) in ideal warmth and humidity. Clumps broaden with age and pups.
• Hardiness ZonesUSDA 9–12 outdoors (frost-free). Grow indoors or under protection in cooler zones.
• Foliage TypeEvergreen epiphytic fern with rounded shield fronds and antler-like fertile fronds; velvety texture.
• Bloom TimeNot applicable — ferns do not bloom; reproduction via spores on fertile fronds.
• Growth RateModerate; faster in warm temps, high humidity, and bright, indirect light.
• Light RequirementsBright, indirect light to dappled shade; avoid harsh midday sun. Morning or filtered sun is ideal.
• Attracts PollinatorsNo — ferns lack flowers and nectar; they reproduce by spores.
• Indoor FriendlyYes — excellent houseplant when humidity and light needs are met.
• Container FriendlyYes — best mounted on boards/slabs or grown in hanging baskets with airy medium.
• Deer ResistantGenerally deer resistant when grown outdoors in suitable zones.
• Pet WarningNon-toxic to cats and dogs; discourage chewing to protect fronds.
• FragrantNo — foliage has no fragrance.
• Cut FlowerNot typically used as a cut stem; best displayed mounted or potted.
• Grows Well WithGrows Well With Orchids, bromeliads, rhipsalis, bird’s nest fern, hoya, and philodendron in similar humidity/light.

Care Tips

• Planting InstructionsMount the fern on a wood board or tree-fern slab over a pad of damp sphagnum, securing with fishing line or soft ties. For baskets/pots, nestle the rhizome onto the medium—do not bury shield fronds.
• Soil MoistureAllow the medium to dry slightly between waterings. Soak the mount or thoroughly drench when the sphagnum feels dry 1–2 cm below surface; typically every 5–10 days indoors, more often in heat.
• Soil TypeVery airy, fast-draining epiphytic mix: long-fiber sphagnum, orchid bark, perlite, and a bit of horticultural charcoal; minimal or no traditional potting soil.
• HumidityPrefers 50–70% RH. Increase with a humidifier, pebble tray, or regular misting of the air (avoid soaking the crown for long periods). Ensure gentle air movement.
• Pruning InstructionsDo not remove brown, papery shield fronds—they protect and feed the plant. Trim only truly dead or damaged fertile fronds. Pups can be divided when well established.
• Winter CareProtect from temps below 50°F (10°C). Provide bright, indirect light, reduce watering frequency, and avoid cold drafts. Overwinter indoors outside USDA 9–12.
• Planting DepthSet the rhizome flush against the mount or at the surface of the medium. Never bury the shield fronds; they must remain exposed to form new layers.
• FertilizationFeed at 1/4 strength with a balanced liquid fertilizer monthly in spring–summer; reduce or stop in fall–winter. Flush with plain water occasionally to prevent salt buildup.
• Special CareRotate for even growth; provide bright, filtered light. If mounted, resecure as it expands. Remount or refresh medium every 2–3 years. Avoid standing water in the crown.